Final answer:
The abbreviation for postprandial blood sugar is PPBS, a measure important for diagnosing and managing diabetes mellitus, with normal levels ranging from 100-140 mg/100 ml after meals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abbreviation for postprandial blood sugar is PPBS. Postprandial refers to the period after eating a meal, usually measured 1-2 hours after eating when monitoring blood glucose levels. These levels are crucial for diagnosing and managing diabetes mellitus, a condition marked by high blood sugar levels. In a typical glucose tolerance test used to confirm diabetes, a patient's blood glucose level is measured in the fasting state and again after giving an oral glucose load. In non-diabetic individuals, insulin secreted by the pancreas controls the rise in blood sugar after a meal, bringing it back to normal levels within approximately 2.5 hours, as depicted in Graph-A. However, as outlined in Graph-B, individuals with diabetes exhibit a steep rise in blood glucose that fails to return to normal even after 2.5 hours, indicating glucose intolerance.
Normal postprandial blood glucose levels range from 100-140 mg/100 ml (5.5-8.0 mmols/L), whereas fasting blood sugar levels range from 60-90 mg/100 ml (or 80-120 mg/100 ml by reduction methods). Maintaining blood glucose within these normal ranges is important to prevent both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia and manage diabetes effectively.