Final answer:
The right coronary artery supplies oxygenated blood to the right ventricle and other parts of the heart, including the right atrium and portions of both ventricles. Marginal arteries and the posterior interventricular artery (posterior descending artery) are key branches of this artery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The right coronary artery is the focus of the student's question. It travels along the coronary sulcus and is responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to parts of the heart, which includes the right atrium, portions of both ventricles, and components of the heart conduction system. Specifically, it supplies the walls of the right ventricle among other areas.
The marginal arteries, branching from the right coronary artery, nourish the superficial portions of the right ventricle. Additionally, the posterior interventricular artery, also known as the posterior descending artery, emerges from the right coronary artery on the heart's posterior surface. It travels down the posterior part of the interventricular sulcus towards the heart apex, branching off to supply the interventricular septum and parts of both ventricles with blood.