Final answer:
Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHs), evolved in Africa from archaic Homo sapiens and are characterized by distinct physical features and cognitive abilities. They developed a complex culture evident in tool-making, language, and art, which enabled them to spread globally and become the dominant human species.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the evolution of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHs), their migration patterns, their technology, and their cultural expressions. Homo sapiens, our direct ancestors, evolved in Africa from archaic H. sapiens and underwent a significant development in tool-making technology. This is highlighted by the transition from round flakes to the production of blade tools during the Upper Paleolithic. This period is also noted for remarkable advancements in the realms of language, art, and other cultural practices.
AMHs are characterized by distinct physical features such as a higher, rounder braincase, filled out forehead, vertical forehead above the brows, and a marked chin. These features differentiate them from the Neanderthals and are indicative of the sophisticated cognitive abilities of AMHs. They inhabited the Middle East before the Neanderthals and continued to spread into Europe and Asia after the Ice Age, eventually replacing the Neanderthals and other human species.
The advancement of AMHs was not only in physical features but also in the social and cultural complexities they developed. This included advanced tools made from various materials, widespread adoption of language, and engaging in artistic expressions such as cave drawings. The combination of these factors helped Homo sapiens to spread rapidly across the globe and become the dominant human species.