Final answer:
Our perception of standing-wave harmonics differs from the fundamental frequency based on the presence of half-wavelengths or nodes in the wave. The harmonics have multiple half-wavelengths, while the fundamental frequency has a single half-wavelength.
Step-by-step explanation:
Our perception of standing-wave harmonics differs from the fundamental frequency in terms of the number of half-wavelengths or nodes present in the wave. The fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency and has a single half-wavelength, while the harmonics have multiple half-wavelengths or nodes. Each harmonic frequency is a multiple of the fundamental frequency, with the second harmonic being twice the frequency, the third harmonic being three times the frequency, and so on.