Final answer:
The medical study that does not typically require fasting is the hepatobiliary scan, used to visualize the liver and biliary system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical examination that does not require fasting before the procedure is the hepatobiliary scan. Unlike tests like the Schilling test or certain gastric function examinations that assess the absorption of various substances by the gastrointestinal tract and often require fasting, a hepatobiliary scan typically does not require the patient to fast beforehand. The scan involves the use of an imaging agent that helps visualize the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and small intestine, and it is typically performed to evaluate gallbladder function and to detect blockages or abnormalities in the biliary system.
It is crucial to follow the specific preparation instructions provided for each type of medical study, as they are designed to ensure that test results are accurate and useful for diagnosing or treating medical conditions.