Final answer:
Fossil evidence shows that Neanderthals had stocky builds and unique skull characteristics. They used technologically advanced tools and mated with modern humans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Through fossil evidence, several characteristics of Neanderthals have been identified. Neanderthals were stocky and barrel-chested with unique skull characteristics such as a large brow ridge and occipital bun. Their postcranial bones indicated well-developed rotator cuff muscles, suggesting they were capable of throwing projectiles and using spears. Archaeological sites associated with Neanderthals show evidence of technologically advanced tools known as the Mousterian tool industry. DNA evidence also suggests that Neanderthals mated with modern humans.