Final answer:
Kida describes how question wording influences decisions as the framing effect. The framing effect, the wording of questions, can shape perceptions and lead to various biases, impacting polling accuracy and reflection of true opinions.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Kida, the way a question is posed can significantly impact the decision-making process. This phenomenon is known as the framing effect. The wording of questions can shape how respondents perceive and react to various issues. Alterations in question wording, or question wording effects, can change people's responses in polls and surveys. This can also lead to various biases such as interviewer bias, where the identity of the interviewer influences survey responses, or response bias, where respondents may not accurately report their true opinions.
Example studies, like those conducted by Rasinki and Schuldt, have shown that even slight variations in wording can alter public support for government spending or shift opinions on global warming versus climate change. Furthermore, phenomena such as the 'Bradley effect' and social desirability bias indicate that respondents may answer based on what they think is acceptable rather than their true beliefs. To maintain accuracy and objectivity in survey results, care must be taken to frame questions in a neutral manner, without leading respondents to a particular answer.