Final answer:
Noam Chomsky's work in linguistic anthropology challenged behaviorism and emphasized the importance of language in understanding human culture and cognition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Noam Chomsky's work in linguistic anthropology is significant because he challenged behaviorism and emphasized the importance of mental functioning in understanding human behavior. He believed that language was central to human culture and that studying language can provide insights into our thinking processes and views of the world. Chomsky's ideas on language and cognition laid the foundation for the cognitive revolution in psychology.