Final answer:
An ethnography is a comprehensive cultural study conducted by an anthropologist who lives among the people being studied, gathering data through systematic observation and participation.
Step-by-step explanation:
An in-depth description of a particular culture written by an anthropologist who has lived with the people they are studying is known as an ethnography. This method of research, which often includes participant observation, allows the anthropologist to gather comprehensive data on the social perspective and cultural values of a specific community. A classic example of an ethnography is Bronislaw Malinowski's 'Argonauts of the Western Pacific,' where he examines the kula ring trade system and various aspects of the Trobriand Islanders' culture after nearly two years of fieldwork. Through this research method, anthropologists contribute to our understanding of various societies by immersing themselves in a culture, participating in local customs, and systematically observing social interactions and norms. Whether studying an Amazonian tribe, a U.S. fishing town, or a neighborhood in Chicago, they provide insights into the ways people live, work, and relate within their communities.