Final answer:
A nurse should instruct a client prescribed alendronate sodium to take it with a full glass of water on an empty stomach, remain upright for 30 minutes post-dosage, avoid other medications right after, and discuss risks of long-term use. Additionally, the client should maintain a healthy lifestyle with a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and perform weight-bearing exercise.
Step-by-step explanation:
When instructing a client who has been prescribed alendronate sodium (Fosamax) to treat osteoporosis, there are several key points that should be included in the teaching plan. Alendronate sodium is part of a group of medications known as bisphosphonates, which work by slowing down bone breakdown, allowing for bone rebuilding during remodeling to maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.
The nurse should advise the client to:
- Take alendronate first thing in the morning, on an empty stomach, with a full glass of water.
- Stay upright (sitting, standing, or walking) for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent irritation of the esophagus.
- Avoid lying down after taking the medication to reduce the risk of esophageal irritation.
- Avoid taking any other medications, including vitamins and antacids, for at least 30 minutes after taking alendronate.
- Maintain a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and engage in weight-bearing exercise to help build and maintain bone mass.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, as these can exacerbate osteoporosis.
- Be aware of the risks of long-term use, such as the potential for increased risk of fractures due to old bone becoming worn out and brittle, and discuss with the healthcare provider the duration of the treatment.
These instructions are vital for ensuring the effectiveness of the medication and minimizing potential side effects.