Final answer:
The brand names for Linagliptin, Glimepiride, and Pioglitazone are Tradjenta, Amaryl, and Actos, respectively. Arya experienced hypoglycemia from gliclazide, revealing the importance of personalized medicine, a concept at the heart of pharmacogenetics, which considers genetic differences in drug responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brand names for Linagliptin, Glimepiride, and Pioglitazone are Tradjenta, Amaryl, and Actos, respectively. These medications are used to manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Linagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, Glimepiride is a sulfonylurea, and Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione.
Concerning Arya's case, they were prescribed gliclazide from the sulfonylurea class of drugs, which work by stimulating the pancreas to secrete more insulin. Unfortunately, Arya experienced hypoglycemia, a common side effect of this class of medication. The doctor's decision to continue with gliclazide despite the side effects is based on the need to tailor the medication to Arya's specific health conditions, including cardiovascular disease.
The field of pharmacogenetics is emerging as a promising approach in medicine. It focuses on understanding how genetic differences among individuals influence their response to drugs, which can lead to more personalized and effective treatments. As noted, it is hailed as a new frontier in medicine and could significantly improve the pharmaceutical treatment of patients.