Final answer:
An endoscope is a medical instrument used to examine an artery and other internal structures. It illuminates internal parts with light transmitted through fiber optics, allowing for visualization and surgical procedures.
Step-by-step explanation:
A scope utilized to examine an artery is known as an endoscope. This is a versatile tool employed by doctors to explore internal structures, including various body cavities and hollow organs. The device operates by transmitting light down a fiber bundle to illuminate the internal parts of the body, with the reflected light being sent back through another fiber to the operator. This allows for visualization and, if necessary, the performance of surgical procedures.
Endoscopes are particularly handy for minimally invasive surgery, such as arthroscopic surgery on the knee joint, where they can be used in conjunction with surgical instruments to conduct operations with minimal incisions. With the aid of an endoscope, a doctor can perform tasks such as collecting tissue biopsies, which are later tested, or removing polyps and other growths from within the body.