Final answer:
The terms referring to the sacs that form in weakened areas of the intestinal wall are called diverticula, the condition being known as diverticulosis. When these pouches become inflamed, the condition is termed diverticulitis, similar to how appendix inflammation is called appendicitis. Diverticulosis is impacted by diet and lifestyle, with high fiber intake being preventative. The correct answer is option D .
Step-by-step explanation:
The terms that refer to the sacs which develop in the weakened areas of the intestinal wall are called diverticula. The condition of having these pouches or sacs in the intestine is known as diverticulosis. This often occurs in the large intestine where the muscular wall can develop weak points over time, leading to small bulges or pockets.
Diverticulosis is often asymptomatic but can lead to a more serious condition called diverticulitis when these pouches become infected and inflamed. An analogy can be made to appendicitis, which is the inflammation of the appendix - diverticulitis signifies the inflammation of one or multiple diverticula. Symptoms of diverticulitis may include pain in the lower abdomen, fever, nausea, and changes in bowel movements such as diarrhea or constipation.
Diverticulosis is thought to be influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors and is more common among those who consume a low-fiber diet or are obese. Prevention and management of diverticulosis involve a diet high in fiber, which can reduce the risk of developing sacs in the intestinal lining and increasing the strength of the intestinal walls.
In the context of gastrointestinal disorders, it's important to note the difference between conditions such as ulcerative colitis, which is an inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon and rectum, and peptic ulcers, which are sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or duodenum usually due to bacteria like Helicobacter pylori.