Final answer:
The machine architecture of a hardware system consists of a CPU, ALU, registers, program counter, main memory system, and I/O system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The machine architecture of a hardware system has all of the above characteristics. It consists of a central processing unit (CPU) and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing computations, registers and a program counter for storing and retrieving data, and a main memory system and an I/O system for storing and accessing data and communicating with other devices.