Final answer:
Increased unemployment, nativism, and lack of opportunities in industrial cities lead to social and economic issues, including class conflict, strained social relations, and prolonged unemployment. These factors contribute to a decline in living standards and growing inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of increased unemployment, nativism against immigrants, and lack of opportunities lead to a host of social and economic problems in industrial cities. Factors like nativism against immigrants exacerbated ethnic and racial strife, contributing to challenges in community integration and social cohesion. Unemployment, especially when it is caused by an industry-specific downturn, makes it difficult for workers to find new jobs with comparable wages, leading to extended periods of joblessness and socioeconomic instability. Lack of opportunities, particularly for those with industry-specific skills, forces workers to either accept lower-paying jobs, seek retraining, or face long-term unemployment, all of which contribute to a decline in living standards and increase in inequality.
These common effects could manifest in social disruption, a rise in class conflict, and can even alter family dynamics, sometimes resulting in increased domestic issues like violence or alcoholism. Additionally, the shift in economic structures due to globalization, such as the outsourcing of manufacturing jobs, can further undermine local economies and exacerbate these issues. The rapid urbanization that came with industrialization thus led to both growth and significant challenges for the communities that formed around burgeoning industrial cities.