Final answer:
Tornadoes occur in every state in the contiguous U.S., including California, with the most tornado-prone region being 'tornado alley' in the central U.S. Tornadoes can also happen in winter and the U.S. has the highest annual number, not Australia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement about tornadoes is that tornadoes occur in every state in the contiguous U.S., including California. The most active region for tornadoes, known as tornado alley, is located in the central United States, between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains. Contrary to the statements presented, tornadoes can occur in every season, including winter, although they are most common in spring and summer. Furthermore, the United States has the highest number of tornadoes each year, not Australia.
Tornadoes are a powerful natural phenomenon descending from clouds in funnel-like shapes that spin violently. These intense columns of rotating air can generate winds of up to 500 km/h and cause significant destruction. They arise out of severe thunderstorms, particularly supercells, and the contrast between cold upper atmospheric winds and warmer winds from the Gulf of Mexico can contribute to their formation.