Final answer:
The Golden Age of Microbiology, spanning from the mid-1800s to the early 1900s, was spearheaded by scientists like Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch. They made significant advancements in the field of microbiology, including the discovery of disease-causing microbes and the development of vaccines and methods for studying bacteria.
Step-by-step explanation:
The period referred to as the Golden Age of Microbiology spanned from the mid-1800s to the early 1900s. During this time, scientists like Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch made significant advancements in the field of microbiology.
Pasteur, a French chemist, discovered that microbial strains had unique properties and developed pasteurization to kill microorganisms. He also developed vaccines for diseases like rabies. Koch, a German physician, connected specific microbes to human diseases such as anthrax and tuberculosis.
These scientists, along with their associates, developed methods for isolating and studying bacteria, which are still used today in research and clinical microbiology laboratories.