Final answer:
Adolescent egocentrism manifests in two primary ways: the personal fable, where teens feel unique and invincible, and the imaginary audience, where they believe others are as focused on them as they are on themselves. These beliefs are part of the search for self-identity, and they typically lessen as cognitive empathy develops.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two types of adolescent egocentrism are personal fable and imaginary audience. Personal fable is a form of egocentrism that involves an adolescent's belief in the uniqueness of their own feelings and thoughts, which may lead them to conclude that they are invincible or will not face the same consequences as others. For instance, a teenager might drive recklessly, believing that they are immune to accidents that happen to other people. The imaginary audience is the belief that everyone around them is as focused on their appearance and behavior as they are, which can result in significant self-consciousness and worry over what others think. An example is a teenager who feels that all their peers will notice and judge them for a minor flaw or mistake.
These beliefs are typical during the adolescent stage, where individuals are grappling with identity and self-concept while also developing cognitive empathy—the ability to understand the perspective of others. The development of cognitive empathy increases in adolescence, which ultimately helps mitigate the effects of egocentrism as teens learn to appreciate the viewpoints and feelings of others.