Final answer:
Adult granulosa cell tumors typically affect females after puberty, with a higher prevalence during middle age and beyond, originating from ovarian granulosa cells which are integral to the development of ovarian follicles and hormone production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adult granulosa cell tumors generally affect females after puberty and can occur at any age but are more common during middle age and beyond. These tumors arise from the granulosa cells of the ovary, which are part of the structure of ovarian follicles. Granulosa cells play a crucial role in the development and hormone production of the ovarian follicles as they release estrogen in response to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). During the ovarian cycle, primary follicles become secondary and then tertiary follicles, eventually leading to the release of an oocyte during ovulation.
After ovulation, granulosa cells transform into the corpus luteum and produce progesterone. However, in some cases, these cells can proliferate abnormally leading to granulosa cell tumors. It is important to note that factors such as age, hormonal changes, and cellular characteristics, such as the number of FSH receptors on granulosa cells, can influence the likelihood of developing these tumors.