Final answer:
Osteoarthritis is a progressive local degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of joint cartilage and bone, commonly leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
Step-by-step explanation:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive local degenerative joint disease affecting one or multiple joints. It results from the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone, which is often due to wear and tear on the joints. Common symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and a decreased range of motion which may initially occur only after exercise or prolonged activity but can become constant over time.
While the exact cause is unknown, factors such as aging, mechanical stress, sport injuries, fractures, and obesity can contribute to the development of OA. As the most common form of arthritis, it can significantly impact an individual's quality of life by affecting work and everyday activities. Although there is no cure, treatments are focused on alleviating symptoms and may include exercise, anti-inflammatory and pain medications, and in some cases, surgery.