Final answer:
Sensors that directly measure current speed and direction at fixed points are known as anemometers for air and flow meters for liquids, often utilizing a galvanometer mechanism for analog readings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sensors used to directly measure current speed and direction at fixed locations are often referred to as anemometers when they measure wind or air speed, and as flow meters when they measure the flow velocity of a liquid. These devices can provide important data for various applications, such as airspeed indicators in aircraft. The mechanism of action for these meters typically involves the use of a galvanometer, in which current flow through the instrument produces a proportional needle deflection. This is due to the interaction of the magnetic field with a current-carrying wire within the device. Many times, an analog meter with a swiveling needle is used to display readings, although digital versions are also common.