Final answer:
The cell feature responsible for processing proteins is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), which is studded with ribosomes where proteins are synthesized. Proteins are then sent to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and packaging.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cell Feature that Processes Proteins
The cell feature responsible for processing proteins is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), specifically the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER). The rough ER is studded with ribosomes, which synthesize proteins. Once synthesized, these proteins are transported through the ER to undergo further modifications. After that, they are transported to the Golgi apparatus, where they are further processed, packaged, and tagged for delivery to their final destinations, either inside the cell or to the outside by way of vesicles.
The process begins in the nucleus where DNA is transcribed into RNA. This RNA exits the nucleus and is used by ribosomes on the rough ER to create proteins. The rough ER processes these proteins and may add a carbohydrate chain to form a glycoprotein, then it sends them to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and sorting. The Golgi apparatus may modify the proteins further and prepares them for export inside Golgi vesicles. This assembly line through the endomembrane system is essential for the production and distribution of proteins in the body.