Final answer:
Sigmund Freud believed that hypnosis is a dissociated state of consciousness, while the social-cognitive theory suggests it is the performance of a social role. Both theories offer explanations for how hypnosis works.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sigmund Freud believed that understanding the unconscious mind was critical to understanding conscious behavior. According to Freud, hypnosis is a dissociated state of consciousness, where individuals are minimally aware of external stimuli. This theory is supported by research into hypnosis and pain, where participants in a hypnotic state reported not feeling pain but still pressed a button to indicate discomfort. On the other hand, the social-cognitive theory of hypnosis suggests that people in hypnotic states are simply performing the social role of a hypnotized person. Both theories provide insights into the nature of hypnosis.