Final answer:
Yes, the statement is true. Extraneous factors that affect the outcome of an experiment, other than the treatment, are known as lurking or confounding variables.
Step-by-step explanation:
True. Anything that affects the outcome of the experiment other than the treatment is also called an extraneous factor. In the context of scientific experiments, these extraneous factors can be referred to as lurking variables or confounding variables. A researcher's goal is to isolate the explanatory variable, which is the variable hypothesized to cause changes in the dependent variable or outcome variable, by assigning experimental units to treatment groups randomly. This method ensures that lurking variables are evenly distributed among the groups, allowing for a valid assessment of the treatment's effect on the dependent variable.