Final answer:
Utilitarianism is a moral theory that states the rightness of an action is determined by its consequences and the amount of happiness it produces. Utilitarians believe that moral conduct is conduct that maximizes the overall good and happiness for the greatest number of people. When faced with a moral dilemma, utilitarians use a method of calculating the greatest happiness, which involves identifying all the individuals affected by the decision and estimating the impact on their happiness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Utilitarianism is a moral theory that states the rightness of an action is determined by its consequences and the amount of happiness it produces. Utilitarians believe that moral conduct is conduct that maximizes the overall good and happiness for the greatest number of people. When faced with a moral dilemma, utilitarians use a method of calculating the greatest happiness, which involves identifying all the individuals affected by the decision and estimating the impact on their happiness. This approach helps in moral problem-solving by considering the overall consequences and striving for the greatest happiness.