Final answer:
The humeral head's blood supply mainly comes from the humeral circumflex arteries, which are branches of the axillary artery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary blood supply to the humeral head is primarily served by the axillary artery. This artery is essentially the continuation of the subclavian artery as it penetrates the body wall and enters the axillary region. Specifically, it supplies blood through the humeral circumflex arteries, which branch near the head of the humerus. While a significant portion of the axillary artery continues along into the brachium (upper arm) and becomes the brachial artery, it is these humeral circumflex arteries that are critical for vascularizing the humeral head.
The primary blood supply of the humeral head is the axillary artery. The axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery as it enters the axillary region, and it supplies blood to the region near the head of the humerus through the humeral circumflex arteries. The majority of the axillary artery continues into the upper arm and becomes the brachial artery.