Final answer:
During cytokinesis in plant cells, carbohydrates from Golgi vesicles are used to create two new primary cell walls and a cell plate, with the vesicles coalescing to form a phragmoplast that grows into the cell plate, eventually becoming part of the plasma membrane.
Step-by-step explanation:
During cytokinesis in plants, carbohydrates in the dictyosome-derived vesicles are synthesized into two new primary cell walls and a cell plate. The Golgi vesicles accumulate enzymes, structural proteins, and glucose molecules during interphase, which then break into vesicles and disperse throughout the dividing cell.
During telophase, these vesicles are transported on microtubules to the metaphase plate where they form a phragmoplast. The vesicles coalesce from the center toward the cell walls, forming a cell plate that grows and eventually merges with the cell walls at the periphery of the cell. This process utilizes the glucose that has accumulated to build a new cell wall made of cellulose, while the Golgi membranes become the plasma membrane on either side of the new cell wall.