Final answer:
The new government allowed states to retain most of the governing power due to rapid expansion, the need for a strong central government, and the desire for a balanced government with checks and participation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The new government was formed in a way that allowed the states to retain most of the governing power due to several reasons. Firstly, the United States was experiencing rapid expansion westward, making it necessary for the national government to control a large geographic area. Secondly, the supporters of a strong central government argued that it was necessary for the survival and functioning of the new nation, especially in defense and taxation. Lastly, the founding fathers sought to establish a balanced government that would allow people to participate while having checks on their will. All these factors contributed to the decision to grant the states substantial governing power.