Final answer:
The Urban Institute developed the racial and income segregation model discussed in section 2. The model uses segregation indices to measure racial segregation in different areas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The racial and income segregation model discussed in section 2 was developed by The Urban Institute. The model uses segregation indices to measure racial segregation in different areas, with a scale from zero to 100, where zero is the most integrated and 100 is the least integrated. For example, in the New York metropolitan area, the Black-White segregation index was seventy-nine for the years 2005-2009, indicating significant segregation.