Final answer:
The bureaucracy is responsible for carrying out new policies adopted by Congress and the President. It includes government agencies and departments that implement and administer federal policies and programs.
Step-by-step explanation:
If Congress and the President adopt a new policy, the organization left to carry out the new policy is the bureaucracy. The bureaucracy refers to government agencies and departments tasked with the implementation and administration of federal policies and programs. After policies are enacted by the legislative (Congress) and/or executive (the President) branches, it is the responsibility of these bureaucratic agencies to execute the specifics of the policy, whether through a top-down or bottom-up approach.
Government agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), are given discretion to determine the specifics of implementation within the framework set out by Congress and the President. They do so by detailing how policies, regulations, and programs will be operationalized.
It is also important to note that although the judiciary (e.g., the Supreme Court) may influence policy through rulings and interpretations, it relies on the executive branch to enforce its decisions and the legislative branch to fund them. However, the judiciary is not directly involved in the execution of policies.