Final answer:
Cats with diabetes option (c) exhibit excessive drinking and urination due to high blood glucose levels triggering polyuria and polydipsia as the body attempts to manage and eliminate excess glucose.
Step-by-step explanation:
Excessive drinking and urination are commonly observed in cats with diabetes option (c). These symptoms are indicative of conditions like diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus. In diabetes mellitus, high blood glucose levels cause water to be drawn into the urine, leading to excessive urination (polyuria) and consequent dehydration. This triggers a compensatory increase in water intake (polydipsia). Additionally, the cats may experience increased hunger (polyphagia) because their cells are not getting sufficient glucose. Unlike arthritis, dental issues, or cognitive dysfunction that don't directly lead to frequent urination or excessive thirst, diabetes is the condition among the options that is specifically associated with these symptoms.