Question

The presence of RFs with a nonsense codon at A site transforms the peptidyl transferase into a ________, which cleaves the peptidyl chain from the tRNA carrier.

A) Nuclease
B) Hydrolase
C) Protease
D) Ligase

Answer 1

The presence of RFs with a nonsense codon at A site transforms the peptidyl transferase into a protease, which cleaves the peptidyl chain from the tRNA carrier. Termination of translation occurs when a nonsense codon is encountered, and release factors instruct peptidyl transferase to add a water molecule to the carboxyl end of the P-site amino acid, detaching it from its tRNA and releasing the newly made protein.

Step-by-step explanation:

The presence of RFs with a nonsense codon at A site transforms the peptidyl transferase into a protease, which cleaves the peptidyl chain from the tRNA carrier. Termination of translation occurs when a nonsense codon is encountered, and release factors instruct peptidyl transferase to add a water molecule to the carboxyl end of the P-site amino acid, detaching it from its tRNA and releasing the newly made protein. The small and large ribosomal subunits then dissociate from the mRNA and each other, terminating the process of protein synthesis.