Final answer:
A non-spontaneous process requires the continual input of energy to proceed and has a delta G greater than 0, unlike spontaneous processes which occur naturally and are characterized by a negative delta G and an increase in entropy. The option (D) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
A non-spontaneous process can proceed only with the addition of free energy. This means that for the process to take place, energy must be supplied from an external source. These processes have a delta G (ΔG) greater than 0, making them non-spontaneous.
In contrast, spontaneous processes, which proceed without the need for continuous energy input, have a delta G less than 0 and are exergonic, releasing free energy. Non-spontaneous processes often involve an increase in the order within the system, leading to a decrease in entropy, which contrasts with the second law of thermodynamics stating that spontaneous processes involve an increase in the entropy of the universe. Therefore, option (D) is correct.