Final answer:
Photoautotrophs such as plants, algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis, producing glucose and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of phototrophs responsible for producing glucose and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide are known as photoautotrophs. These include plants, algae, and a particular group of bacteria called cyanobacteria. They are capable of using energy from sunlight to manufacture their own food using a process called photosynthesis, which converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and releases oxygen as a waste product.