Final answer:
The correct term for Jake's body working to decrease his level of arousal after coffee consumption to achieve homeostasis is caffeine tolerance, indicating that more of the drug is needed to have the same effect. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
After Jake drinks his coffee, his body works to decrease his level of arousal to return him to homeostasis. The correct term for this process is not caffeine withdrawal, caffeine overdose, or caffeine sensitivity; rather, it is referred to as caffeine tolerance, which occurs when a user requires more of a given drug to experience the same effects.
Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant and can lead to increased tolerance, necessitating higher doses to achieve the same alertness and wakefulness that lower doses used to provide.