Final answer:
The specialized structure that stores pigments, water, inorganic ions, and maintains turgor pressure is the central vacuole.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specialized structure that stores pigments, water, inorganic ions, and maintains turgor pressure is the central vacuole.
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that occupies most of the cell's volume and is surrounded by a membrane called the tonoplast.
The central vacuole functions in storing pigments, maintaining turgor pressure, and regulating the cell's concentration of water in changing environmental conditions.
For example, when a plant is not watered, water moves out of the central vacuole, causing the cell to wilt.
Conversely, when the central vacuole holds more water, the cell gets larger without having to synthesize new cytoplasm.