Final answer:
Carbonation is the weathering process that is most likely to produce karst topography.
Step-by-step explanation:
The weathering process that is most likely to produce karst topography is carbonation.
Carbonation occurs when groundwater containing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) finds its way into microscopic cracks in limestone formations. The CO₂ dissolves in the water, creating an acidic solution that dissolves the calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in the limestone. Over time, this process enlarges the cracks, leading to the formation of caves and associated features like stalactites and stalagmites.