Final answer:
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases when systemic blood pressure is elevated due to higher hydrostatic pressure, leading to increased filtration of solutes and waste materials from the blood into Bowman's capsule. This is regulated by various mechanisms and is critical for kidney function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) refers to the volume of glomerular filtrate formed per minute by the kidneys.
When the GFR is above normal due to elevated systemic blood pressure, it means that there is increased filtration of solutes and waste materials from the blood into Bowman's capsule.
This occurs because the high blood pressure in the glomerulus leads to increased hydrostatic pressure, causing more material to be filtered out.
The GFR is regulated by multiple mechanisms and is an important indicator of kidney function.