Final answer:
Cardiac syncope is a sudden loss of consciousness without a warning sign. It can be diagnosed through vital sign monitoring, an EKG, orthostatic challenge, and a neurologic examination.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cardiac syncope is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness due to a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. It typically occurs without a warning sign or prodrome. To diagnose cardiac syncope, healthcare professionals utilize various methods such as regular vital sign monitoring, electrocardiogram (EKG), orthostatic challenge, and neurologic examination.
For example, orthostatic challenge involves assessing the individual's blood pressure and heart rate in different positions (lying down, sitting, and standing) to determine if there are any abnormal changes. Neurologic examination helps evaluate the functioning of the nervous system, which can provide further insight into the underlying cause of the syncope.