Question

What cardiac condition is characterized by a diffuse and lateral displacement of the PMI, a holosystolic murmur at the apex, and transmission to the axilla and sternum, typically Grade 2 or more?

Answer 1

Mitral regurgitation is a cardiac condition characterized by a holosystolic murmur at the apex, a diffuse and lateral displacement of the PMI, and transmission to the axilla and sternum. It is caused by abnormality in the mitral valve, resulting in the backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

Step-by-step explanation:

The cardiac condition described in the question is mitral regurgitation. Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium due to an abnormality in the mitral valve. This causes a holosystolic murmur at the apex of the heart, which can be transmitted to the axilla and sternum. The lateral displacement of the point of maximum impulse (PMI) is a result of the enlarged left atrium and left ventricle.