Final answer:
The first menstrual period in a young woman is called menarche. It signifies reproductive maturity with the menstrual cycle consisting of the menses phase, proliferative phase, and secretory phase. Swelling in the context of menstruation is typically due to hormonal changes, not conditions affecting male reproductive organs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first menstrual period in a young woman is known as menarche. Menarche marks the onset of fertility and the ability to reproduce. The menstrual cycle consists of various phases, including the menses phase, where the inner lining of the uterus, the endometrium, is shed through the vagina. This shedding is what constitutes menstrual bleeding or menses. A typical menstrual cycle is approximately 28 days and includes not only the menses phase but also a proliferative phase and a secretory phase.
Some women may experience symptoms like swelling, cramping, or breast tenderness during their menstrual cycle, especially in the days leading up to and during menstruation. This swelling is a normal response to hormonal changes in the body and is not related to the swelling seen in conditions such as testicular cancer or epididymitis, which are male reproductive health issues.