Final answer:
Delta G (Gibbs Free Energy) is the temperature-dependent state function in thermodynamics, defined by the formula ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, which varies with changes in temperature due to the TΔS term.
Step-by-step explanation:
The state function that is temperature-dependent over the range of temperatures used in the experiment is delta G (Gibbs Free Energy). Delta G is defined as ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature, and ΔS is the change in entropy. Since ΔG includes the term TΔS, it is inherently dependent on temperature. This is further illustrated by the fact that the entropy (ΔS) of a system increases with temperature, altering the value of ΔG as the temperature changes. The change in Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) is particularly important as it can help predict whether a reaction will occur spontaneously under constant temperature and pressure.
Determining the value of ΔG at a certain temperature (such as 298 K) and understanding the relationship of ΔG to ΔH and ΔS can provide insights into the thermodynamic favorability of a chemical reaction or phase change within a given temperature range.