Final answer:
Alpha EEG band signals are brain wave patterns with a frequency of 8-12 Hz and higher amplitude than beta waves, associated with relaxation and early non-REM sleep. Alpha waves are more synchronized, with less variability, and they can be precisely recorded using EEG, aiding sleep pattern research.
Step-by-step explanation:
The properties of the alpha EEG band signal relate to a specific type of brain wave pattern that occurs during the early stages of non-REM (NREM) sleep, as well as when an individual is relaxed but still awake. Alpha waves are characterized by a frequency of 8-12 Hz, indicating that 8 to 12 waves occur per second. These waves also have a higher amplitude than beta waves, which are predominant when a person is fully awake. Notably, alpha waves are more synchronized and show less variability compared to beta waves, which have a frequency of 13-30 Hz and are of very low amplitude.
During the early part of NREM stage 1 sleep, a person experiences a decrease in overall muscle tension and core body temperature, accompanied by the presence of alpha waves in their EEG readings. This electrical activity of the brain can be recorded with extreme precision, within milliseconds, using EEG. This data is especially useful for researchers analyzing sleep patterns, particularly in those with sleep disorders.