Final answer:
Approximately 15% of the alcohol consumed is exhaled unchanged, forming the basis for breathalyzer tests.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is c) 15%.
When a person consumes alcohol, it is metabolized in the body through a series of reactions. Some of the alcohol is broken down in the liver, while a small portion of it is excreted unchanged through breath, sweat, and urine. Approximately 15% of the alcohol consumed is exhaled unchanged through a person's breath, and this forms the basis for breathalyzer tests.
For example, in the Breathalyzer test, a person blows into the device, and if alcohol is present in their breath, it reacts with chemicals in the device, causing a change in color that indicates the amount of alcohol in the breath sample.