Final answer:
The permanent revolution refers to the ongoing changes in society due to industrialization and urbanization, leading to more individualistic cultures and transforming family roles. It is associated with the shift from rural to urban living and the growth of global markets as a result of the Industrial Revolution and globalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of permanent revolution is complex and multifaceted, reflecting ongoing social, economic, and technological changes that have a profound influence on human societies. In modern industrial and postindustrial societies, individualism often becomes a primary value as people increasingly base their identities on personal attributes and goals. Moreover, society has experienced a significant shift from agrarian culture to urban culture due to industrialization and technological advances, with cities becoming the epicenters of wealth and opportunity.
Throughout this shift, the role of the family and community has evolved, with the market and state sometimes replacing traditional family structures. The Enlightenment and subsequent economic changes that followed—like the Industrial Revolution and globalization—have further shaped these transitions, fostering urbanization and creating a global consumer culture. This historical progression reflects the move towards modernity characterized by urbanized, industrialized and individualistic societies, contrasting notions of deindustrialization or anti-consumerism.