Final answer:
Dynein and kinesin are the two microtubule motor proteins. They are similar in using ATP hydrolysis for motility, but differ in directionality and cargo transport.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two microtubule motor proteins are dynein and kinesin. These proteins are similar in that both use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to power intracellular motility. However, they are different in terms of their directionality of movement and the types of cargo they transport.
Dynein moves towards the minus end of microtubules and is involved in retrograde transport, meaning it moves cargo towards the cell body. It typically transports cargo such as vesicles and organelles from the axon terminals to the cell body. On the other hand, kinesin moves towards the plus end of microtubules and is involved in anterograde transport, meaning it moves cargo away from the cell body. Kinesin transports cargo such as synaptic vesicles from the cell body to the axon terminals.