Final answer:
A custodial arrest is appropriate for more serious offenses such as felony robbery and assault with a deadly weapon (C). Minor infractions generally do not require arrest, and approaches to handling non-violent misdemeanors vary, with some evidence suggesting that not prosecuting these offenses can reduce future crime.
Step-by-step explanation:
The offenses for which a custodial arrest should be made are typically more serious in nature and include crimes such as felony robbery and assault with a deadly weapon. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is C) Felony robbery and assault with a deadly weapon. Minor offenses like jaywalking or having an expired driver's license generally do not require a custodial arrest unless there are aggravating circumstances. The decision to arrest someone must also consider the requisite level of probable cause and whether the police directly witnessed the misdemeanor offenses. In the context of marijuana laws, while historically many have been arrested for such offenses, the trend towards legalization and decriminalization has shifted the legal landscape significantly.
For serious crimes like felony robbery, police officers have the authority to arrest suspects without a warrant as long as probable cause exists. In contrast, non-violent misdemeanors or minor infractions typically do not necessitate incarceration, as alternative approaches and not prosecuting these offenses might even reduce subsequent crime according to some studies.