Final answer:
Option (b), Chromosome duplication, triploidy, and polyploidy are chromosome mutations that result in an increase in genetic material in a chromosome.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chromosome mutations that increase the amount of genetic material in a particular chromosome include chromosome duplication, triploidy, and polyploidy. Duplication involves a repeat of a segment of the chromosome, leading to extra genetic material. Triploidy and polyploidy involve the addition of an extra set (or sets) of chromosomes, which significantly increases the amount of genetic material.