Final answer:
In 1805, morphine was isolated from opium, which is a narcotic derived from the opium poppy plant and contains several opioid compounds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pharmacy in 1805 mentioned isolated morphine from a naturally occurring substance. This substance, known to be opium, is a narcotic that also contains codeine, but in much smaller amounts. Morphine is about 10 times more potent than opium from which it was originally isolated. Heroin, on the other hand, is derived from morphine and is more potent. It is a semisynthetic opioid and does not occur naturally. When comparing morphine to heroin, only 3 mg of heroin is required to produce the same analgesic effect as 10 mg of morphine, indicating heroin's greater potency. Cocaine and cannabis are not derivatives of opium, hence are not relevant to the process of isolating morphine.
The correct answer is A) Opium.
In 1805, a pharmacy isolated morphine from opium. Opium is a crude resinous extract obtained from the opium poppy plant. Morphine is the major pain relieving drug found in opium, and it is approximately 10 times weaker than morphine. Heroin, on the other hand, is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine that is much more potent than morphine.