Question

Who was the ruler of both the city-state of Rome and the Catholic Church?

A) Julius Caesar
B) Pope Francis
C) Emperor Constantine
D) Charlemagne

Answer 1

Charlemagne was the ruler of both the city-state of Rome and the Catholic Church.

Step-by-step explanation:

The ruler of both the city-state of Rome and the Catholic Church was D) Charlemagne. Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope, Leo III, in 800 CE. This event symbolized the close relationship between secular and religious power during the medieval period.